Ethical Hacking - Terminologies
1) Zombie Drone :- A Zombie Drone is defined as a Hi-Jacked computer that is being used anonymously as a soldier or Drone for malicious activity.
For Example :- Distributing unwanted spam e-mails.
2) Cross-Site Scripting :- cross site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side scri[pt into web pages viewed by other viewers.
3) Worms :- A worm is a self-replicating virus that does not alter files but resides in active memory and duplicates itself.
4) Vulnerability :- A vulnerability is a weakness which allows a hacker to compromise the security of a computer or a network system.
5) Virus :- A virus is a malicious program or a piece of code which is capable of copying itself and typically has a detrimental effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data.
6) Trojan :- A trojan, or a "Trojan Horse", is a malicious program disguised to look like a valid program that are supposed to be there designed with an intention to destroy files, alter information, steal passwords or other informations.
7) Threat :- A threat is a possible danger that can exploit an existing bug or vulnerability to compromise the security of a computer or network system.
8) SQL Injection :- SQL Injection is a sql code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g., to dump the database contents to the attacker).
9) Spyware :- spyware is software that aims to gather information to another entity without the consumer's consent, or that asserts control over a computer without the consumer's kbnowledge.
10) Spoofing :- Spoofing is a technique used to gain unauthorised access to computers, where by the intruder sends messages to a computer with IP Address indicating that the message is coming from a trusted host.
11) Spam :- A spam is simply an unsoliciated email, also known as junk email, sent to a large number of recipients without their consent.
12) Social Engineering :- Social Engineering implies deceiving someone with the purpose of acquiring sensitive and personal information, like credit card details or user names and passwords .
13) Shrink Wrap Code :- A shrink wrap code attack is an act of exploiting holes in unpatched or poorly configured software.
14) Rootkit :- Rootkit is a stealth type of software, typically malicious, designed to hide the existence of certain processes or programs from normal methods of detection and enabled continued privileged access to a computer.
15) Phreaker :- Phreakers are considered the original computer hackers and they are those who break into the telephone network illegally, typically to make free long distance phone calls or to tap phone lines.
16) Phishing :- Phishing is an e-mail fraud method in which the prepetrator sends out legitimate-looking e-mails, in an attemp to gather personal and financial information from recipients.
17) Master Program :- A master program is the program a black hat hacker uses to remotely transmit commands to infected zombie drones, normally to carry out Denial of Service Attack or spam attacks.
18) Malware :- Malware is an umbrella term used to refer to a variety of forms of hostile or intrusive software, including computer viruses, worms, Trojan Horses, Ransomware, Spyware, Adware, Scareware, and other malicious programs.
19) Logic Bomb :- A virus secreted into a system that triggers a malicious action when certain conditions are met. The most common version is the time bomb.
20) Keystroke Logging :- keystroke logging is the process of tracking the keys which are pressed on a computer . It is simply the map of the computer/human interface. It is used by Gray hat and Black hat Hacker's to record login ID's and passwords. Keyloggers are usually secreted onto a device using a trojan delivered by a phishing e-mail.
21) Firewall :- A firewall is a filter designed to keep unwanted intruders outside a computer system or network while allowing safe communication between systems and users on the inside of the firewall.
22) Exploit :- Exploit is a piece of software, a chunk of data, or a sequence of commands that takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability to compromise the security of a computer or a network system.
23) Exploit Kit :- An exploit kit is software system designed to run on web servers, with the purpose of identifying software vulnerability in client machines communicating with it and exploiting discovered vulnerabilities to upload and execute malicious code on the client.
24) DDoS :- Distributed Denial of Service Attack.
25) Denial of Service Attack (DoS) :- A denial of service attack is a malicious attempt to make a server or a network resource unavailable to users, usually by temporarily interrupting or suspending the services of a host connected to the internet.
26) Cracker :- A cracker is one who modifies the softwares to access the features which are considered undesirable by the person cracking the software, especially copy protection features.
27) Clone Phishing :- Clone phishing is the modification of an existing, legitimate email with a false link to trick the recipient into providing personal information.
28) Buffer Overflow :- Buffer Overflow is a flaw that occurs when more data is written to a block of memory, or buffer, than the buffer is allocated to hold.
29) Brute Force Attack :- A brute force attack is an automated and the simplest kind of method to gain access to a system or website. It tries different combination of usernames and passwords, over and over again, until it gets in.
30) Bot :- A bot is a program that automates an action so that it can be done repeatedly at a much higher rate for a more sustained period than a human operator could do it.
31) Botnet :- A botnet also known as Zombie Army, is a group of computers controlled without their owner's knowledge. Botnets are used to send spam or make denial of service attacks.
32) Adware :- Adware is software designed to force pre-chosen ads to display on your system.
33) Back Door :- A back door, or trap door, is a hidden entry to a computing device or software that bypasses security measures, such as logins and password protection.
34) Attack :- An attack is an action that is done on a system to gets it's access and extract sensitive data .
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